Hydration status of rugby league players during home match play throughout the 2008 super league season

The hydration status of rugby league players during competitive home match play was assessed throughout the 2008 Super League season. Fourteen players from 2 Super League clubs were monitored (72 observations). On arrival, 2 h prior to kick off, following normal prematch routines, players' body mass were measured following a urine void. Prematch fluid intake, urine output, and osmolality were assessed until kick off, with additional measurements at half time. Fluid intake was also monitored during match play for club B only, and final measurements of variables were made at the end of the match. Mean body mass loss per match was 1.28 ± 0.7 kg (club A, 1.15 kg; club B, 1.40 kg), which would equate to an average level of dehydration of 1.31% (mass loss, assumed to be water loss, expressed as a percentage of body mass), with considerable intra-individual coefficient of variation (CV, 47%). Mean fluid intake for club B was 0.64 ± 0.5 L during match play, while fluid loss was 2.0 ± 0.7 L, with considerable intra-individual CV (51% and 34%, respectively). Mean urine osmolality was 396 ± 252 mosm.kg^-1 on arrival, 237 ± 177 mosm·kg^-1 prematch, 315 ± 133 mosm·kg^-1 at half time, and 489 ± 150 mosm·kg^-1postmatch. Body mass losses were primarily a consequence of body fluid losses not being completely balanced by fluid intake. Furthermore, these data show that there is large inter- and intra-individual variability of hydration across matches, highlighting the need for future assessment of individual relevance.